藝術相關科系學生在專業訓練與英語學習中自我調節與學習方法之比較研究

作者

系所:通識教育中心

作者:曾敏珍

中文摘要

本計劃之目的在於研究藝術相關科系學生自我調節:包含記憶策略、目標設定、自我評量、尋求幫忙、環境結構、學習責任、計劃和組織,與學習方法:包含深層和表面方法,在專業科目與英語學習之比較。在台灣,大部分的藝術類課程著重在專業的訓練,學生使用大部分的時間在練習樂器、舞蹈、繪畫和表演,英語的學習在藝術領域通常被忽略。然而,由於全球化的來臨,職場上越來越要求學生的英文能力,再加上英文畢業門檻的要求,藝術類的學生必須面對英文的重要性。根據自我調節(Self-regulation)的理論,有高度自我調節的學生通常學習動機較高,其意味著這些學生比較願意去學習而且也有自己學習的方法,他們可以把自己的心智的力量轉化成學術的技巧策略,藝術相關科系學生在其專業領域是最好的,那在學習英語文上呢?兩個領域之間的自我調節行為是否有差異和關聯呢? 七種自我調節子策略對不同英文程度的學生線上全民英檢的成績之預測力是否有所不同?本研究之另一個目的是把學習方法和自我調節做一連結,學習方法包含深層方法和表面方法,學生在學習專業科目和英語文時,比較傾向使用深層方法?還是表面方法? 本研究根據實驗結果,找出藝術相關科系學生的英語學習模式,幫助他們提升英語文能力。 本計劃實驗參與者約為550位藝術相關科系大一新生,依大學指考英文成績分為高成就與低成就兩組,實驗參與者填寫兩份問卷,第一份問卷為「專業科目的自我調節與學習方法問卷調查」,第二份問卷為「英語文學習的自我調節與學習方法問卷調查」,問卷的題目來自Magno的「學術自我調節問卷」和Biggs的「學習方法問卷」。實驗參與者每學期皆會接受線上全民英檢施測,成績一方面做為學生對自我英語能力的了解,也做為老師備課時的參考,在本計劃中將做為檢視自我調節與英語文程度之間的關係。問卷完成後,在2013年7月邀請學生和老師試作與訪問,問卷已依照建議修改。結果顯示學生的自我調節能力與其專業和英語學習有正面而且顯著性的相關,他們在其專業領域上的自我調節能力比在英語學習高,在七個自我調節能力中,目標設定、自我評量和計劃與組織是有顯著性的預測因子。而且藝術相關科系學生在專業領域和英語學習上都是使用較多的深層式學習法,表面式學習法與學生的自我調節能力呈現負的顯著性相關。 臺灣許多藝術家和藝術工作者在國際大放異彩,政府在推廣軟實力的同時,語言能力是不可或缺,藝術類的學生在本身的專業領域是最傑出的,部份學生在專業能力和英文程度上都是很好,本計劃找出學生在專業科目和英語學習中自我調節和學習方法的不同,藉以幫忙英文程度較差的藝術類的學生,增加英語學習動機和增進英語文能力。

Abstract

The study investigates the self-regulatory behaviors of arts students, namely memory strategy, goal-setting, self-evaluation, seeking assistance, environmental structuring, learning responsibility, and planning and organizing. We also explore approaches to learning, including deep and surface approaches, in a comparison between their professional training and English learning. The participants comprised 344 arts majors who are freshmen, taking a General English class. According to their scores on the English General Scholastic Ability Test (GSAT), they were arranged into two groups: high and low proficiency learners. The research tools included two questionnaires. The first questionnaire was Academic Self-regulation Questionnaire (Adapted for Professional Training and English Learning), consisting of 55 items and 7 subscales. The second questionnaire is the Revised Learning Process Questionnaire, comprising 20 items. The results show that a significant correlation was found in students’ self-regulatory behaviors between professional training and English learning. It indicated that the more students applied self-regulatory behaviors in professional training, the more they used it in learning English. Goal-setting, self-evaluation, and planning and organizing were significant predictors for learning English. Also, arts students used more deep approach than surface approach in both of their professional training and English learning. Positive correlation was found in DA whereas negative correlation was shown in SA between students’ self-regulatory behaviors and their approaches to learning. Students with high self-regulation adopt deep approach, and they applied less surface approach in professional training and English learning. Arts students’ unique styles were found in this study and thus were added to the current literature of self-regulation and approaches to learning.