我國對言論價值的憲法解釋
中文摘要
主要民主國家幾乎都透過憲法保障言論自由，對於言論自由實踐與研究最豐富的國家首推美國，憲法保護言論的理由頗多，歷年來美國最高法院已經透過判例，對於言論的價值與保障進行了諸多闡述，影響所及，學者也提出了多元的言論價值論述。廣泛接受的包括了民主自治、真理追求、自我實現等三種價值。事實上，憲法關於言論自由條文通常相當精簡，因此必須透過憲政解釋，才能對於言論的價值進行闡述。相較於美國是由聯邦最高法院進行憲法解釋，我國則是由大法官會議負責。本研究試圖從歷年大法官會議有關言論自由的憲法解釋文中，探索我國的大法官會議如何看待言論自由的價值學理，同時也探討大法官會議如何界定言論的定義與內涵。本研究將先透過文獻回顧，了解現有的學術研究成果，再依循司法憲政主義此一詮釋途徑，透過文件分析法，針對大法官會議的解釋文、協同意見書與不同意見書等第一手文件，完整探討我國大法官會議如何看待言論的價值與言論內涵。
Abstract
Constitutions protect the freedom of speech in almost every democratic country. The U.S. Constitution protects free speech for many reasons. In United States, variously First Amendment scholars have argued that the amendment serves interests in democratic self-government; in the free exchange of ideas in the marketplace or the search for truth and in individual self-fulfillment (Emerson, 1980). Constitutional interpretation is confirmed by the practice of Constitution interpretation of democratic countries, especially the Supreme Court of United States. In R.O.C., the Constitution interpretations are made by the Grand Justice Conference. The research will analyze the values of speech of R.O.C. Constitution by cases studies of all speech-related interpretations of the Grand Justice Conference.