有些學生在資賦上很好，但學習表現卻不如預期，稱之為低成就學生；有些學生在資賦上低於平均數，但表現卻高於其能力水準，稱之為高成就學生。此兩類型學生剛好是能力與努力差異化的表徵。
Some skilled students are deemed underachievers, even though they demonstrate adequate academic performances, because they fail to meet certain expectations.
有些學生在資賦上很好，但學習表現卻不如預期，稱之為低成就學生；有些學生在資賦上低於平均數，但表現卻高於其能力水準，稱之為高成就學生。此兩類型學生剛好是能力與努力差異化的表徵。
Some skilled students are deemed underachievers, even though they demonstrate adequate academic performances, because they fail to meet certain expectations.